Small to moderate effectiveness: 0.47
What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
1. Development of personal coping strategies that target solving current problems and 
changing unhelpful patterns in cognitions (e.g. thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes), behaviors, and emotional regulation.
2. Based on the belief that thought distortions and maladaptive behaviors play a role in the development and maintenance of psychological disorders, and that symptoms and associated distress can be reduced by teaching new information-processing skills and coping mechanisms
Evidence:
0.34 small effect: decreased depression symptoms (Ballesio, Aquino, Feige, Johann, Kyle, Spiegelhalder, & … Baglioni, 2018)
0.55 medium effect: decreased depression symptoms in older adults (Kishita, Takei, & Stewart, 2017)
0.58 medium effect: decreased anxiety symptoms (Kishita, Takei, & Stewart, 2017)
0.27 small effect: decreased anxiety disorders (Montero-Marin, Garcia-Campayo, López-Montoyo, Zabaleta-del-Olmo, & Cuijpers, 2017)
0.49 small to moderate effect: decreased depression symptoms in patients with bipolar (Chiang, Tsai, Liu, Lin, Chiu, & Chou, 2017)
0.58 moderate effect: decreased mania severity in patients with bipolar (Chiang, Tsai, Liu, Lin, Chiu, & Chou, 2017)
0.46 small to moderate effect: improved psychosocial functioning in patients with bipolar (Chiang, Tsai, Liu, Lin, Chiu, & Chou, 2017)
0.27 small effect: reduced depression severity (Karyotaki, Riper, Twisk, Hoogendoorn, Kleiboer, Mira, & … Cuijpers, 2017)
0.36 small effect: reduced depression right after treatment (Twomey, & O’Reilly, 2017)
0.57 moderate effect: reduced anxiety symptoms (Twomey, & O’Reilly, 2017)
0.82 large effect: reduced anxiety symptoms (Păsărelu, Andersson, Nordgren, & Dobrean, 2017)
0.79 moderate to large effect: reduced depression symptoms (Păsărelu, Andersson, Nordgren, & Dobrean, 2017)
0.56 moderate effect: increased quality of life (Păsărelu, Andersson, Nordgren, & Dobrean, 2017)
0.80 large effect: reduced anxiety symptoms (García-Escalera, Chorot, Valiente, Reales, & Sandín, 2016)
0.72 moderate to large effect: reduced depression symptoms (García-Escalera, Chorot, Valiente, Reales, & Sandín, 2016)
0.45 small to moderate effect: reduced anxiety in children and adolescents (García-Escalera, Chorot, Valiente, Reales, & Sandín, 2016)
0.50 moderate effect: reduced depression in children and adolescents (García-Escalera, Chorot, Valiente, Reales, & Sandín, 2016)
0.47 small to moderate effect: reduced fatigue in multiple sclerosis patients (van den Akker, Beckerman, Collette, Eijssen, Dekker, & de Groot, 2016)
0.30 small effect: has positive long-term effect (van den Akker, Beckerman, Collette, Eijssen, Dekker, & de Groot, 2016)
0.25 small effect: improved Autism Spectrum Disorders overall (Weston, Hodgekins, & Langdon, 2016)
0.35 small effect: improved Autism Spectrum Disorders in task-based measures (Weston, Hodgekins, & Langdon, 2016)
0.28 small effect: improved depression symptoms with internet-based CBT (Zhou, Li, Pei, Gao, & Kong, 2016)
0.71 moderate to large effect: reduced PTSD symptoms (Sijbrandij, Kunovski, & Cuijpers, 2016)
0.49 small to moderate effect: reduced depression in patients with body dysmorphic disorder (Harrison, Fernández de la Cruz, Enander, Radua, & Mataix-Cols, 2016)
0.56 moderate effect: increased insight and decreased delusions (Harrison, Fernández de la Cruz, Enander, Radua, & Mataix-Cols, 2016)
0.89 large effect: improved at follow-up 2-4 months after treatment (Harrison, Fernández de la Cruz, Enander, Radua, & Mataix-Cols, 2016)
0.54 moderate effect: reduced severity of mania (Ye, Jiang, Li, Cao, B., Cao, L., Lin, & … Miao, 2016)
0.49 small to moderate effect: reduced relapse rates at 6 month follow-up assessment (Ye, Jiang, Li, Cao, B., Cao, L., Lin, & … Miao, 2016)
Ballesio, A., Aquino, M. V., Feige, B., Johann, A. F., Kyle, S. D., Spiegelhalder, K., & … Baglioni, C. (2018). The effectiveness of behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapies for insomnia on depressive and fatigue symptoms: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 37114-129. doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2017.01.006
Chiang, K., Tsai, J., Liu, D., Lin, C., Chiu, H., & Chou, K. (2017). Efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy in patients with bipolar disorder: A metaanalysis of randomized controlled trials. Plos ONE, 12(5).
García-Escalera, J., Chorot, P., Valiente, R. M., Reales, J. M., & Sandín, B. (2016). Efficacy of transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression in adults, children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. Revista De Psicopatología Y Psicología Clínica, 21(3), 147-175. doi:10.5944/rppc.vol.21.num.3.2016.17811
Harrison, A., Fernández de la Cruz, L., Enander, J., Radua, J., & Mataix-Cols, D. (2016). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for body dysmorphic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clinical Psychology Review, 4843-51. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.05.007
Karyotaki, E., Riper, H., Twisk, J., Hoogendoorn, A., Kleiboer, A., Mira, A., & … Cuijpers, P. (2017). Efficacy of self-guided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy in the treatment of depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis of individual participant data. JAMA Psychiatry, 74(4), 351-359. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0044
Kishita, N., Takei, Y., & Stewart, I. (2017). A meta‐analysis of third wave mindfulness‐based cognitive behavioral therapies for older people. International Journal Of Geriatric Psychiatry, 32(12), 1352-1361. doi:10.1002/gps.4621
Montero-Marin, J., Garcia-Campayo, J., López-Montoyo, A., Zabaleta-del-Olmo, E., & Cuijpers, P. (2017). Is cognitive–behavioural therapy more effective than relaxation therapy in the treatment of anxiety disorders? A meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, doi:10.1017/S0033291717003099
Păsărelu, C. R., Andersson, G., Nordgren, L. B., & Dobrean, A. (2017). Internet-delivered transdiagnostic and tailored cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 46(1), 1-28. doi:10.1080/16506073.2016.1231219
Sijbrandij, M., Kunovski, I., & Cuijpers, P. (2016). Effectiveness of internet‐delivered cognitive behavioral therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Depression And Anxiety, 33(9), 783-791. doi:10.1002/da.22533
Twomey, C., & O’Reilly, G. (2017). Effectiveness of a freely available computerised cognitive behavioural therapy programme (MoodGYM) for depression: Meta-analysis. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry, 51(3), 260-269. doi:10.1177/0004867416656258
van den Akker, L. E., Beckerman, H., Collette, E. H., Eijssen, I. M., Dekker, J., & de Groot, V. (2016). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for the treatment of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal Of Psychosomatic Research, 9033-42. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.09.002
Weston, L., Hodgekins, J., & Langdon, P. E. (2016). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy with people who have autistic spectrum disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 4941-54. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2016.08.001
Ye, B., Jiang, Z., Li, X., Cao, B., Cao, L., Lin, Y., & … Miao, G. (2016). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in treating bipolar disorder: An updated meta‐analysis with randomized controlled trials. Psychiatry And Clinical Neurosciences, 70(8), 351-361. doi:10.1111/pcn.12399
Zhou, T., Li, X., Pei, Y., Gao, J., & Kong, J. (2016). Internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy for subthreshold depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry, 16.
How To Therapy 